ADOLESCENT PSYCH
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Plausible Sounding Arguments
Matthew Westra
(Fall 2011)
SEX & SEXUALITY
  • READINGS: 


    SEXUALLY  CHARGED  ENVIRONMENT

    SEXUAL  BEING  (From Our Whole Lives Grade 7-9, 1999)
        5 Components of a person's Sexual Being:
     
    1. Sensuality - Awareness, acceptance of, and comfort with one's own body; physiological and psychological  enjoyment of one's own body and the bodies of others.
    • Body Image
    • Human Sexual Response Cycle
    • Skin Hunger
    • Fantasy
    2. Intimacy - The ability and need to experience emotional closeness to another human being and have it returned.
    • Caring
    • Sharing
    • Liking/Loving
    • Risk Taking
    • Vulnerability
    • Self-disclosure
    • Trust
    3. Sexual Identity - The development of a sense of who one is sexually, including a sense of maleness and femaleness.
    • Gender Identity
    • Gender Role
    • Sexual Orientation
    • Biological Sex (the plumbing and parts)
    4. Sexual Health and Reproduction - Attitudes and behaviors related to producing children, care and maintenance of the sex and reproductive organs, and health consequences of sexual behavior.
    • Factual Information
    • Feelings and Attitudes
    • Sexual/Reproductive Systems
    • Anatomy & Physiology of Reproductive Organs
    • Intercourse
    5. Sexualization - The use of sexuality to influence, control, or manipulate others.
    • Rape
    • Incest
    • Sexual Harassment
    • Withholding Sex or Bargaining with Sex
    • Seduction / Flirting
    • Exploitive Use of Sexuality

    SEXUALITY  EDUCATION

    Sexuality is a vital element of human existence and development.
    It also arouses great anxiety and taboo.
    How shall we best approach Sexuality Education for our youth?



    Age at First Intercourse  (this section is duplicated from: http://www.iub.edu/~kinsey/resources/FAQ.html)    

    Percent of population having had first intercourse, by age

    Males

    Females

    25% by age 15

    26% by age 15

    37% by age 16

    40% by age 16

    46% by age 17

    49% by age 17

    62% by age 18

    70% by age 18

    69% by age 19

    77% by age 19

    85% by age 20-21

    81% by age 20-21

    89% by age 22-24

    92% by age 22-24

    (Mosher, Chandra, & Jones, 2005)

    Average age of first intercourse, by gender

    Males

    Females

    16.9

    17.4

    (AGI, 2002).


    Average Age of First Marriage is up 5 years since our parents' generations.

    People are physically maturing at a younger age (Secular Trend) and despite ideological emphasis on virginity & waiting for sex until marriage, only a small minority of people wait until marriage.



    NPR Story:
      Sex Without Intimacy: No Dating, No Relationships        You can Listen Now [8 min 55 sec] (2009)




    Source: U.S. Census Bureau
    Graphic Credit: Alyson Hurt / NPR
    Increasing age of first marriage
              increased by 5 years from 1960 to 2005


     

    Fla. Teens Believe Drinking Bleach Will Prevent HIV

    Some Teens Also Believe Mountain Dew Will Stop Pregnancy

    POSTED: 1:54 pm EDT April 2, 2008   Link to original   
    UPDATED: 3:34 pm EDT April 4, 2008
    Florida teens who believe drinking a cap of bleach will prevent HIV and a shot of Mountain Dew will stop pregnancy have prompted lawmakers to push for an overhaul of sex education in the state.
    Another myth is that Florida teens also believe that smoking marijuana will prevent a person from getting pregnant, Local 6 reported.State lawmakers said the myths are spreading because of Florida's abstinence-only sex education, Local 6 reported.They are proposing a bill that would require a more comprehensive approach, the report said.It would still require teaching abstinence but students would also learn about condoms and other methods of birth control and disease prevention.The bill just passed its first vote in a committee, Local 6 reported.Watch Local 6 News for more on this story.


    Model #1 Abstinence Only Sex Education
    Ideology  Supporting Abstinence Only Sex Education:
    • The only appropriate place for sexual relations is within a heterosexual marriage between one man and one woman.
    • Sex is designed primarily as a means of reproduction.
    • The only sure way to avoid sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies is abstinence.
    • Youth are not mature or responsible enough to "handle" sexual information without acting upon it.
    • Information about sexuality will create lust.
    • Lust is "too strong" for adolescents to resist.

    What is said about Comprehensive Sex Education:
    "This model is based on the assumption that teens are going to have sex no matter what, so sex education should focus on reducing the risks associated with sex, such as pregnancy and disease."

    "While both types of sex education have shown a degree of success, the question still remains as to whether or not it is better to teach kids abstinence, or to hand them a condom and expect that they will have sex no matter what kind of instruction they receive. In any case, more research needs to be done on this topic."

    Model #2 Comprehensive Sex Education
    Contrast the above critique with the statement as proposed by a site favoring Comprehensive Sex Education:
    "Comprehensive sexuality education begins with abstinence but also acknowledges that many teenagers will choose to have sex and thus need to be aware of the consequences and how to protect themselves."  source

    Comprehensive Sexuality Education Ideology:
    • Knowledge is better than ignorance.
    • Preventing sexuality knowledge has never proven effective in preventing sexual problems such as harassment, rape, STIs, unwanted pregnancy, etc.
    • Adolescents will learn about sexuality - it is preferable that they learn from trusted adults who know facts, rather than learning from an eager partner, from sensationalized portrayals in film, music, etc.
    • International studies correlate knowledge about sexuality with delayed first intercourse, lower pregnancy rates, and reduced STIs.
    • Abstinence is a vague term that allows many individualized interpretations.
    • Abstinence from sexual intercourse is only effective if individuals are entirely unwavering - it must be 100%.
    • Abstinence from sexual intercourse alone does not prevent transmission of STIs, if a restricted definition of abstinence is practiced.
    • Fallacy of "Abstinence is 100% effective:" Link to Plausible Sounding Arguments


        Interesting Internet Sites  

    Article on Virginity Testing
    Zazoo Ad  
    The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.  


    November 28, 2011